PNAS：脂质纳米颗粒或可有效治疗细菌性胃溃疡及胃癌

  幽门螺杆菌和胃溃疡和胃癌的发生密切相关，来自加利福尼亚大学的研究人员近日研究开发出了一种名为LipaLLA包含亚麻酸（一种植物油）的纳米颗粒，利用小鼠进行试验研究显示，相比标准的抗生素疗法，LipaLLA可以有效抵御幽门螺杆菌的感染，相关研究发表于国际杂志PNAS上。
  研究者Liangfang Zhang博士表示，当前的幽门螺杆菌疗法面临着一个巨大的挑战，那就是抗生素耐药性，我们的目的就是开发一种可以对胃部环境耐受的纳米制剂来有效杀灭幽门螺杆菌及避免细菌耐药性的产生。
  LipoLLA是一种包含亚麻酸的脂质颗粒，当其“碰见”幽门螺杆菌时就会融合到细菌的生物膜中，随后颗粒中的亚麻酸就会释放到细菌菌体中，行使破坏细菌的作用。文章中，研究者利用荧光标记物体来标记追踪LipoLLA颗粒，通过喂养小鼠的方式来观察LipoLLA颗粒在小鼠胃部如何破坏幽门螺杆菌。
  在LipoLLA颗粒疗法后研究人员测定小鼠胃部细菌的载量及炎性标志物的水平，相比标准的抗生素疗法，LipoLLA颗粒可以有效清除胃部的幽门螺杆菌；而且LipoLLA颗粒对小鼠无毒性作用，且细菌不会产生任何耐药性。
  最后研究者Zhang说道，这项研究是我们首次利用靶向治疗颗粒来进行杀灭细菌的研究，该研究结果显示LipoLLA颗粒可以有效降低幽门螺杆菌的繁殖，未来我们希望通过更为深入的研究来增强这种纳米颗粒的功能使其更加稳定，同时更加有效地清除致病菌。（转化医学网360zhyx.com）
  本文系转化医学网原创翻译整理，欢迎转载！转载请注明来源并附原文链接。谢谢！
转化医学网推荐的原文摘要：

In vivo treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection with liposomal linolenic acid reduces colonization and ameliorates inflammation
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1418230111
Soracha Thamphiwatanaa,b, Weiwei Gaoa,b, Marygorret Obonyob,c,1, and Liangfang Zhanga,b,1
Helicobacter pylori infection is marked by a vast prevalence and strong association with various gastric diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Because of the rapid emergence of H. pylori strains resistant to existing antibiotics, current treatment regimens show a rapid decline of their eradication rates. Clearly, novel antibacterial strategies against H. pylori are urgently needed. Here, we investigated the in vivo therapeutic potential of liposomal linolenic acid (LipoLLA) for the treatment of H. pylori infection. The LipoLLA formulation with a size of ∼100 nm was prone to fusion with bacterial membrane, thereby directly releasing a high dose of linolenic acids into the bacterial membrane. LipoLLA penetrated the mucus layer of mouse stomach, and a significant portion of the administered LipoLLA was retained in the stomach lining up to 24 h after the oral administration. In vivo tests further confirmed that LipoLLA was able to kill H. pylori and reduce bacterial load in the mouse stomach. LipoLLA treatment was also shown to reduce the levels of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, which were otherwise elevated because of the H. pylori infection. Finally, a toxicity test demonstrated excellent biocompatibility of LipoLLA to normal mouse stomach. Collectively, results from this study indicate that LipoLLA is a promising, effective, and safe therapeutic agent for the treatment of H. pylori infection.